Database / Spain / 2025

Spain Climate Change and CCS Framework 2025

Regulatory Active Verified

Spanish CCS rests on Law 40/2010 (December 29, 2010) transposing the EU Directive — concessions for geological storage onshore, in territorial seas, EEZ and continental shelf (water column excluded), Ministry concessioning, Annex I site characterisation, financial guarantees, ETS inclusion, EIA and IPPC overlays for capture and pipelines, transparent non-discriminatory network access — inside Law 7/2021 climate targets (-23% by 2030, neutrality 2050). The 2025 state of play is hub momentum, not new statute: the Enagás-led COnet2 North Hub MoU (March 18, 2026: Petronor, Heidelberg Materials, Calcinor, Terresis with Nortegas over the ETN network and BBG plant, PCI-listed, CEF/Innovation Fund track) organises Basque-Navarre-Cantabria capture-to-storage value chains, while the ALGECO2 atlas counts 31 onshore plus 3 offshore structures and the cement industry maps 4 strategic hubs. Open gaps per 2024 expert review: no London Protocol ratification, ENAGAS 2023 call of interest unscaled, NZIA permit simplification pending, and a thin subsoil-professional pipeline.

National Governance Context

Spain Overview

Aggregate National Maturity Index (Peak Strength)

Governed Policies

1

Identified Projects

9

Operational Cap 0.0 Mtpa

Under Construction Cap 0.0 Mtpa

Planned Cap 6.4 Mtpa

Related Policy Network

Directly Linked Assets

ECOPLANTA (Tarragona)

CCU — 0.34 Mtpa

TarraCO2

T&S — 2 Mtpa

SOMZERO CO2

Full chain — 1.1 Mtpa

Waste to hydrogen Boson Energy (H2-BEAM)

Capture — 0 Mtpa

ECCO2-LH (Lighthouse) LafargeHolcim Carboneras cement factory phase 2

CCU — 0.6 Mtpa

Mosusol netCO2

Full chain — 1 Mtpa

ECO2FLY (Villaluenga)

CCU — 0.7 Mtpa

CO2necta (Sagunto)

Full chain — 0.6 Mtpa

CO2nscious (Carboneras)

Capture — 0.7 Mtpa

Policy Classification

FSRTM 5.0

I

Economic

70

PCI-listed hub status opens CEF and Innovation Fund tracks for the Basque cluster while ETS inclusion prices stored tonnes — European fundability substituting for absent national subsidies.

R

Statutory

85

The 2010 transposition with concessions, exclusive storage rights, access duties and ETS inclusion is a complete (if dormant-tested) statutory base inside Law 7/2021 targets.

M

Market

75

The COnet2 public-private partnership aggregates Basque, Navarre and Cantabria capture behind shared logistics (pipelines, liquefaction terminal, marine loading) with coordinated EU funding applications.

S

Strategic

85

Thirty-one screened structures feeding four strategic cement hubs make the record a cluster play for hard-to-abate industry rather than a single-project bet.

T

Technical

85

Annex I characterisation with financial guarantees, EIA/IPPC overlays and Ministry supervision carry Directive monitoring duties into each concession from award.

Strategic Impact Analysis

Economic Impact

PCI-listed hub status with CEF/Innovation Fund tracks converts the Basque cluster into fundable European infrastructure, while ETS inclusion of stores keeps the carbon-price backstop behind capture investment.

Technical Impact

Thirty-one screened onshore structures plus 3 offshore with depth and seal criteria, and a hub design (pipelines, liquefaction terminal, marine loading) that reuses gas-network know-how, give developers a surveyed starting grid.

Environmental Impact

Concession-gated storage with financial guarantees, EIA overlays and Ministry supervision keeps the first stores inside the Directive containment duties that fourteen dormant years never tested.

Technical Metadata

Lead Institution MITECO

Release Date 2025-01-01

Policy Tags

Law 40/2010 Law 7/2021 COnet2 hub ALGECO2 atlas cement clusters TEN-E

Legal Weight Regulatory Directive

Original Document

Last Intelligence Audit 2026-09-09