Kazakhstan Ecology Code (CCUS) Framework 2024

Kazakhstan climate machinery runs on the 2021 Environmental Code with the KAZ ETS (operating since January 2013, ~half of national CO2 across 229 power, heat, extractive and manufacturing installations, free benchmarking allocation since 2021, 11.5 Mt reserve issuance in 2024, unlimited domestic offsets, Zhasyl Damu registry, third-party verification, April-15 surrender). CCUS recognition rides inside this machinery: the Code framework with 2023-24 updates names CCUS among mitigation measures, and MRV duties (10 kt reporting, 20 kt monitoring plans, CO2/CH4/N2O/PFC coverage) apply to capture projects as industrial installations. No standalone CCUS storage-licensing or liability track has been published — the honest position is ETS-integrated recognition without a storage statute, with the subsurface-use regime governing pore space by default.