From Point Demonstrations to Shared Clusters: Governance Mix and dMRV Evidence Mechanisms for CCUS Scaling

Report Version: v3.8 ｜ Program: ESG30 Young Scholars Program (Phase II) ｜ Date: October 21, 2026
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Executive Summary

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is an indispensable technological anchor for deep industrial decarbonization. However, the global CCUS ecosystem currently confronts a substantial “delivery gap” — gigaton-scale projections contrast sharply with final investment decision (FID) conversion rates. As CCUS transitions toward shared clusters, emissions reduction returns, first-mover infrastructure investments, and long-term geological storage liabilities are distributed across multiple entities, making single-point engineering feasibility insufficient to synchronize source-network-sink formation.

This report introduces a comprehensive governance framework bridging physical engineering facts, policy instruments, and institutional applications across 6 chapters and 4 appendices (99 references):

1. Systemic Bottlenecks & Governance Shift: Analysis of capture-stage energy penalty, source-network-sink coordination dilemmas, and long-term geological stewardship liabilities.
2. 7-Jurisdiction Benchmark Matrix: Comparative evaluation across the US, EU, UK, Canada (Alberta), Norway, and China, highlighting differentiated policy, contract, and liability trajectories.
3. Empirical Case & Scenario Observations: Inductive examination of Quest (Canada), Northern Lights (Europe), Dayawan (China), and Daqing Aonan oilfield operations to surface shared evidence requirements.
4. From Engineering Facts to Verifiable Evidence (dMRV): A 4-tier architecture connecting physical records, applicable rules, version lineage, and verification procedures into an “industrial credit infrastructure”.
5. Implementation Pilots & Rule Evolution: Integrating shared-service capabilities into demonstration evaluations, piloting cross-entity delivery reconciliation, and conducting post-closure liability shadow assessments.