Database / United States / 2024

California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) 2024/2025 Amendments

Market Active Verified

The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (17 CCR §§95480-95503) cuts transport-fuel carbon intensity under AB 32; 2024 amendments approved by CARB (November 2024) and OAL (June 27, 2025) took effect July 1, 2025 with tightened 2025 benchmarks applying to Q3 2025+ reporting, true-up credits from the 2025 data year, a 4x exceedance deficit penalty, and an Automatic Acceleration Mechanism. Section 95490 plus the CCS Protocol admit CCS projects: direct air capture anywhere with Permanence Certification, other capture tied to California fuel markets pro-rated by in-state volumes, credits to the capturer (not the storer), onshore sequestration sites only, and CO2-EOR fields treated as sites rather than credit-generating project types. LCFS credits stack with 45Q, and the 2024-25 credit price signal keeps CCS and DAC project economics among the strongest compliance-driven revenues in North America.

National Governance Context

United States Overview

Aggregate National Maturity Index (Peak Strength)

Governed Policies

12

Identified Projects

374

Operational Cap 35.3 Mtpa
Under Construction Cap 20.3 Mtpa
Planned Cap 839.4 Mtpa

Related Policy Network

Peer Frameworks

2021 Regulatory

Texas HB 1284: CCS Jurisdictional Act

2022 Incentive

US 45Q Tax Credit (IRA Enhanced)

2021 Incentive

US CIFIA: Carbon Dioxide Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation

Directly Linked Assets

Lebec Net Zero Cement Plant project (CA)

Capture — 0.95 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 6 (CA)

Storage — 2.5 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 1 (CA)

Storage — 1.6 Mtpa

CALDAC San Joaquin (CA)

Capture — 0.05 Mtpa

Moonstone (CA) phase 1

Full chain — 0.002 Mtpa

Moonstone (CA) phase 2

Full chain — 0.098 Mtpa

Aemetis CCS Keyes facility (CA)

Capture — 0.2 Mtpa

La Paloma CPX facility (CA)

Full chain — 3 Mtpa

Aemetis CCS Riverbank facility (CA)

Capture — 0.2 Mtpa

Kern River Eastridge cogeneration plant San Joaquin Valley (CA)

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Mendota BECCS power project (Clean Energy Systems Carbon Negative Energy Plant - Central Valley) (CA)

Full chain — 0.3 Mtpa

Mote biomass-to-hydrogen plant Kern County (CA)

Capture — 0.14 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 1: Lone Cypress Hydrogen project (CA)

Capture — 0.1 Mtpa

CalCapture CCPP (Elk Hills) (CA)

Capture — 1.4 Mtpa

Advanced CO2 Capture from Hydrogen Production Unit at Phillips 66 Rodeo Refinery (CA)

Capture — 0.19 Mtpa

Calpine Delta Energy Center (CA)

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Tulare County Carbon Storage Project (CA)

Storage — 2.5 Mtpa

Sutter Decarbonization Project (CA)

Full chain — 1.8 Mtpa

Aemetis CCS (CA)

Storage — 1.4 Mtpa

Mote biomass-to-hydrogen plant, 2nd facility (CA)

Capture — 0.45 Mtpa

San Joaquin Renewables BCCS (CA)

Storage — 0.44 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 2 (CA)

Storage — 0 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 3 (CA)

Storage — 0.37 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 4 (CA)

Storage — 0.04 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 5 (CA)

Storage — 1 Mtpa

CarbonFrontier (CA)

Full chain — 1.6 Mtpa

Climeworks DAC at Brawley Geothermal (CA)

Full chain — 0.005 Mtpa

Pelican Rindge Tract CCS Project (CA)

Full chain — 2 Mtpa

Montezuma NorCal Carbon Hub (CA)

T&S — 1 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 1: InEnTec (CA)

Capture — 0.1 Mtpa

Carbon TerraVault 1: Verde (CA)

Capture — 0.1 Mtpa

CANstore (CA)

Storage — 0 Mtpa

Tracy DAC facility

CCU — 0.001 Mtpa