Database / United Kingdom / 2023

UK Energy Act 2023 (CCUS Economic Regulation)

Market Active Verified

Policy Overview

The Energy Act 2023 is the primary legislative engine for the UK’s energy transition, providing the robust legal framework needed to reach Net Zero by 2050. For the CCUS sector, it establishes a world-first Economic Regulation model for Transport and Storage (T&S). The Act designates Ofgem as the independent economic regulator for CO2 networks, applying a Regulated Asset Base (RAB) model. This ensures that infrastructure operators can earn a predictable, regulated return on their investments, similar to traditional gas and electricity grids.

Furthermore, the Act formalizes the statutory basis for ‘Revenue Support Contracts’, enabling the government to issue long-term Contracts for Difference (CfDs) to carbon capture facilities. With the HyNet and East Coast clusters reaching Financial Close in late 2024, the Act is now being actively enforced to build out the nation’s 2030 CCUS vision. By turning high-risk infrastructure into stable, bankable utility-style assets, the UK has created one of the most attractive regulatory environments globally for carbon management capital.

National Governance Context

United Kingdom Overview

Aggregate National Maturity Index (Peak Strength)

Governed Policies

3

Identified Projects

106

Operational Cap 0.0 Mtpa
Under Construction Cap 12.1 Mtpa
Planned Cap 239.5 Mtpa

Related Policy Network

Directly Linked Assets

Acorn H2

Capture — 0.4 Mtpa

Acorn Isle of Grain to Peterhead shipping

Transport — 2 Mtpa

Fife ethylene plant

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Cauldon cement plant

Capture — 0.54 Mtpa

Veolia EfW to fuels

CCU — 0 Mtpa

CORY EfW plant Belvedere

Full chain — 1.3 Mtpa

Lighthouse Green Fuels

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Emerge CCS

Capture — 0 Mtpa

North Lincolnshire Green Energy Park (NLGEP)

Capture — 0.65 Mtpa

Altalto

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Seal Sands TGEPL

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Saint-Gobain glass

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Connah's Quay Low Carbon Power (CQLCP) Phase 1

Capture — 1.5 Mtpa

Sullom voe terminal and Shetland basin hub (SVT) - Thistle injection phase 1

T&S — 2 Mtpa

Shetland Offshore power generation

Capture — 1 Mtpa

DelpHYnus hydrogen production Theddlethorpe

Capture — 5 Mtpa

Drax BECCS Project (Phase 1)

Capture — 4.3 Mtpa

Drax BECCS Project (Phase 2)

Capture — 3.7 Mtpa

Connah's Quay Low Carbon (CQLCP) Power Phase 2

Capture — 1.2 Mtpa

Killingholme Low Carbon Power project

Full chain — 0 Mtpa

Lynemouth Power Station (BECCS)

Capture — 2.3 Mtpa

RWE CCGT Great Yarmouth (Norfolk)

Capture — 0.6 Mtpa

Sullom voe terminal and Shetland basin hub (SVT) - Magnus phase 2

T&S — 3 Mtpa

Sullom voe terminal and Shetland basin hub (SVT) - Regional Expansion phase 3

T&S — 5 Mtpa

North Tees Hydrogen CO2 capture

Capture — 0.2 Mtpa

Future Biogas plants phase 1

Capture — 0.2 Mtpa

Future Biogas plants phase 2

Capture — 0.345 Mtpa

H21 Leeds City Gate - Teesside hydrogen

Capture — 1.5 Mtpa

H2NorthEast Phase 1

Capture — 0.823 Mtpa

H2NorthEast Phase 2

Capture — 1.495 Mtpa

BP H2Teesside Phase 1

Capture — 1 Mtpa

BP H2Teesside Phase 2

Capture — 1 Mtpa

Hydrogen to Humber (H2H) Saltend phase 1

Capture — 0.89 Mtpa

INEOS Grangemouth refinery and hydrogen production

Capture — 1 Mtpa

Keadby 3 Carbon Capture Power Station

Capture — 1.5 Mtpa

Liverpool Bay CCS project phase 1

T&S — 4.5 Mtpa

Liverpool Bay CCS expansion project (phase 2)

T&S — 5.5 Mtpa

Net Zero Teesside Power

Capture — 2.4 Mtpa

Northern Endurance Partnership phase 1

T&S — 4 Mtpa

Hanson Padeswood Cement Works CCS

Capture — 0.8 Mtpa

Peterhead Carbon Capture Power Station

Capture — 1.5 Mtpa

Peterhead Power Station CCS (2011 version)

Full chain — 1.5 Mtpa

Phillips 66 Humber refinery

Capture — 0.5 Mtpa

Prax Lindsey Oil Refinery Phase 1

Capture — 0.55 Mtpa

Prax Lindsey Oil Refinery Phase 2

Capture — 0.55 Mtpa

Project Cavendish Phase 2

Capture — 1.8 Mtpa

Project Cavendish Phase 1

Capture — 1.2 Mtpa

Redcar Energy Centre EfW

Capture — 0.4 Mtpa

Humber Hub Blue North Killingholme

Capture — 1.6 Mtpa

HyNet Hydrogen Production Project (HPP) Plant 1 (Hynet phase 1)

Capture — 0.65 Mtpa

Suez Tees Valley / Haverton Hill Waste to Energy CCS

Capture — 0.24 Mtpa

Northeast Scotland DAC

Capture — 1 Mtpa

Viridor Runcorn CCS project

Capture — 0.9 Mtpa

Viking CCS Phase 1

T&S — 3.6 Mtpa

Viking CCS Phase 2

T&S — 6.4 Mtpa

VPI Immingham CHP plant CCS

Capture — 3.3 Mtpa

Whitetail Clean Energy

Capture — 0.8 Mtpa

Sizewell C nuclear-powered DAC Full-scale

Capture — 0.05 Mtpa

Hynet Northwest phase 3

Capture — 8.1 Mtpa

Northern Endurance Partnership phase 2

T&S — 4 Mtpa

Northern Endurance Partnership phase 3

T&S — 2 Mtpa

Centrica Equinor hydrogen hub Easington collaboration

Full chain — 0 Mtpa

Milford Haven CO2 Project (Part of Pembroke Net Zero Centre (PNZC))

Full chain — 5 Mtpa

Bacton CCS

T&S — 10 Mtpa

Ince Bioenergy Carbon Capture and Storage (InBECCS) scaleup

Capture — 0.25 Mtpa

Protos CO2 network phase 1

Transport — 0.8 Mtpa

Protos CO2 network phase 2

Transport — 0.4 Mtpa

Medway CCGT power station

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Grain CCGT power station

Capture — 2 Mtpa

Damhead Creek CCGT power station

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Medway Hub CCS

T&S — 6 Mtpa

Energy Recovery Facility Edmonton EcoPark

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Stanlow Oil Refinery

Capture — 0.86 Mtpa

Morecambe Net Zero

Storage — 3 Mtpa

CF Fertilisers Billingham Ammonia CCS

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Rookery South Energy Recovery Facility (ERF)

Capture — 0.38 Mtpa

Buxton Lime Net Zero

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Tees Valley Energy Recovery Facility (TVERF)

Capture — 0 Mtpa

ZerCal250

Capture — 0 Mtpa

Caledonia Clean Energy (previously Captain Clean Energy)

Full chain — 3 Mtpa

Acorn CCS phase 1-Capture at St Fergus

Capture — 0.3 Mtpa

Carbon Capture at Ince Fertiliser Site

Capture — 0.4 Mtpa

Viking CCS Phase 3

T&S — 5 Mtpa

RWE CCGT Staythorpe

Capture — 3.7 Mtpa

e-Alto

CCU — 0 Mtpa

Peak cluster transport

Transport — 3 Mtpa

Ferrybridge EfW

Capture — 1.2 Mtpa

Navigator Terminal train

Transport — 0 Mtpa

Acorn CCS phase 1-T&S

T&S — 0.8 Mtpa

RWE CCGT Stallingborough

Capture — 1.87 Mtpa

Hydrogen to Humber (H2H) Saltend phase 2

Capture — 1 Mtpa

UK Poseidon CCS project phase 1

Storage — 1.5 Mtpa

UK Poseidon CCS project phase 2

Storage — 8.5 Mtpa

UK Poseidon CCS project phase 3

Storage — 30 Mtpa

Enquest CCS Project

Storage — 10 Mtpa

Orion CCS Project Phase 1

Storage — 1 Mtpa

Tellus CCS - CS020 (Area 1)

Storage — 10 Mtpa

Orion CCS Project Phase 2

Storage — 5 Mtpa

Tellus CCS - CS021 (Area 5)

Storage — 6 Mtpa

Tellus CCS - CS022 (Area 7)

Storage — 6 Mtpa

Humberside CCS with Shell and Esso

Storage — 0 Mtpa

Acorn CCS phase 2

T&S — 5 Mtpa

Tranmere and Stanlow Terminal

Transport — 0 Mtpa

Parc Adfer CCS

Capture — 0.235 Mtpa

The Bluestreak CO2 Joint Venture

T&S — 30 Mtpa

HyNet Hydrogen Production Project (HPP) Plant 2 (Hynet phase 2)

Capture — 1.9 Mtpa